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With the addition of 11% or more
chromium to steel, the alloy becomes non-staining under most conditions that corrode plain
steel, thus the term stainless is applied. |
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Non-Magnetic
Alloys |
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Alloys containing chromium and nickel
are not magnetic in the annealed condition although they become slightly magnetic when
cold worked. |
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Type 304 |
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Often referred to as "18-8"
(18% chromium, 8% nickel) T-304 is the basic stainless alloy most commonly utilized for
wire cloth weaving. It withstands outdoor exposure without rusting and resists oxidation
at an elevated temperature up to 1400 Degrees Fahrenheit. |
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Typical applications include use with
chemicals, food products, pharmaceuticals and exposure to moisture. |
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Type 304 L |
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Type 304 L is very similar to T-304,
the difference being the reduced carbon content for better weaving and secondary welding
characteristics. |
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Type 309 |
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A heat resistant alloy (23% chromium,
12% nickel) which is useful in temperatures up to 1700 Degrees Fahrenheit. |
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Type 310 |
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Retains good strength and toughness at
high temperatures and may be used to advantage where a combination of strength, toughness
and oxidation resistance is essential. Where reducing or carburizing conditions are
encountered at high temperatures, T-310 is preferred. |
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Type 310 has a coefficient of expansion
slightly lower than most other chromium - nickel alloys. |
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Type 316 |
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Stabilized by the addition of 2%
molydbenum, T-316 is an "18-8" alloy. |
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Type 316 has better resistance to
pitting corrosion than the other chromium-nickel stainless steels where brines,
sulphur-bearing water or halogen salts, such as chlorides are present. A valuable property
of T-316 is high creep strength at elevated temperatures. Other mechanical properties and
fabricating characteristics are similar to T-304. |
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Wire cloth woven of T-316 has extensive
use in chemical processing when better corrosion resistance is required than the regular
chromium-nickel types. |
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Type 316 L |
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Type 316 L is very similar to T-316,
the difference being the reduced carbon content for better weaving and secondary welding
characteristics. |
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Type 317 |
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Similar to the basic alloy (18%
chromium) but with a higher nickel (14%) and molydbenum (3%) content for increased
corrosion resistance. |
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Type 321 |
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Has titanium added to
reduce or eliminate chromium carbide precipitation resulting from welding or exposure to
high temperatures. It is quite effective as a stabilizer although the over-all corrosion
resistance is somewhat reduced. |
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Type 321 wire mesh is normally used
where secondary welding processes are not required. |
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Type 330 |
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Similar to Incoloy, T-330 is a
nickel-chromium alloy (35% nickel, 15% chromium) used for heat treating baskets suitable
for temperatures up to 1650 ° Fahrenheit. |
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Type 347 |
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Similar on analysis to
Type 321 except that columbium is used as an addition instead of titanium. Columbium is an
effective stabilizer and does not appreciably reduce the over-all corrosion resistance as
does titanium. |
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Wire cloth woven of Type 347 is used
when secondary welding procedures are required, in applications subject to corrosive
environments. |
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MAGNETIC
ALLOYS |
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TYPE 410 |
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The general purpose alloy of the
martensitic class containing 12.5% chromium. Heat treated T-410 has mechanical properties
comparable to alloy steels such as SAE 4130. |
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Type 410 possesses mild corrosion
resistance as well as heat and oxidation resistance up to 1400º Fahrenheit. |
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Type 430 |
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The general purpose alloy of the
ferritic class and the most popular of straight chromium (17%) stainless steels. More
commonly used for wire cloth production, T-430 is not heat treatable but is more resistant
to chemical attack and high temperature than T-410. |
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